Resources Glossary

The 62 terms used on the SmartApps pages.

Five groups: building an app, screens, actions and expressions, data, running and governing.

Terms

Building an app

Building an app
SmartApp

An application configured in Lima for a business process: screens, people, data handlers and a flow, published as a version and run on live data.

Building an app
Collaborative app

An app built by defining functions and their levels first, attaching a screen to each level, assigning the people at each level, then writing the flow and trigger criteria.

Building an app
Process app

An app built by drawing lanes and boxes first, attaching a screen to each box, naming the role that owns each box, and writing the criterion on each arrow.

Building an app
Data-driven app

A process app started by a criterion on records: each matching row launches its own instance with its own process ID.

Building an app
Form and survey

A screen that collects answers from a list of people or a level, with a close date, whose answers become rows other apps can read.

Building an app
Hierarchy

The functions and their levels that a collaborative app is built on, with parent and child levels fixed for each level.

Building an app
Level

A position in a function's hierarchy, such as buyer, category lead or chief procurement officer; each level has a screen and a set of people.

Building an app
Lane

A horizontal band in a process drawing that belongs to one role; the boxes in it are the steps that role performs.

Building an app
Box

A step in a process drawing, with a screen and the role that performs it; also called a node.

Building an app
Node types

Start, screen, decision, parallel split and join, wait, notification, write-back, sub-process and end.

Building an app
Decision node

A node that chooses the next arrow from an expression evaluated when the previous screen completes.

Building an app
Portal screen

A screen delivered to an outside login (a supplier, carrier, customer or auditor), with the access policy limiting the rows shown.

Building an app
Studio

Where apps are configured: hierarchies and lanes, screens, data handlers, criteria, variables and versions.

Building an app
Draft

A definition proposed by the studio from a description, a rule or a hierarchy; it passes the same validator, preview and gate as a hand-built definition.

Building an app
Composer

The part of the studio that generates screens from data handlers, rules and hierarchies.

Screens

Screens
Screen

What a person sees at a step: a layout of components, for desktop and mobile, attached to a level or a box.

Screens
Component

A control on a screen: a field, a dropdown, a grid, a chart, a button, a pop-up, an upload, a scan, a signature.

Screens
Element

A part of a component: the label, the value, the help text, the validation message.

Screens
Layout

The regions a screen is divided into, with a desktop and a mobile arrangement.

Screens
Unique ID

The name every component has, unique across all screens of an app, through which any property can be read or set.

Screens
Property

A setting of a component, such as value, visible, enabled, required or format, set from a constant, a variable, a data handler, an expression or a function.

Screens
Validation

The rules a component's value must pass: required, range, pattern, custom expression, each with its message.

Screens
Instantiate

To give a component or a variable its value at load or on an event.

Actions and expressions

Actions and expressions
Action

A trigger, an execution and an outcome on a component; a component can carry several.

Actions and expressions
Trigger

The condition that fires an action: a click, a change, a valid value, a selection, a load, an upload, a clock.

Actions and expressions
Execution

What an action does: set a value, call a data handler, run a function or a script, call a REST endpoint, move the flow.

Actions and expressions
Outcome

What changes after an execution: a panel fills, a component enables, a row is written, a notification goes out, a clock starts, the flow moves.

Actions and expressions
Expression editor

The place where conditions, calculations and actions are written in one formula language and tested against live values as you type.

Actions and expressions
Criterion

A condition written in the expression editor that starts a flow (trigger criterion) or moves it (flow criterion).

Actions and expressions
Sandbox test

Running a trigger and an execution against a chosen row in the editor with the outcome shown and every write held.

Actions and expressions
Variable

A named value with a life: screen, app, global or system scope.

Actions and expressions
Screen variable

Lives while the screen is open: a filter, a draft value.

Actions and expressions
App variable

Lives while the instance runs: a total, a chosen site, the current level; exchanged between nodes.

Actions and expressions
Global variable

Defined once for the platform with business meaning for every app: fiscal calendar, plant list, approval bands.

Actions and expressions
System variable

Provided by the platform: today's date, the time, the logged-in user and role, counts.

Actions and expressions
Function

A named piece of logic, provided by the platform or registered by an application team, called by name from actions.

Data

Data
Data handler

A named connection from an app to rows in a system: a federated table, a saved query, a pipeline result, an API or file, or a device feed; reads and writes rows.

Data
Table handler

A handler on a federated table registered in the catalog; the rows stay in the source.

Data
Query handler

A handler on a saved query with parameters, computed in the sources with pushdown.

Data
Pipeline handler

A handler on the result of a Backbone or data-science pipeline: prepared, checked, refreshed on a schedule.

Data
Read in place

The rows stay in the system that owns them; the handler sends the filter and the columns and the system returns the matching rows.

Data
Change capture

Receiving changed rows from a system as they happen, through the interface the system offers.

Data
Write-back

A change made by the app in the system of record through that system's released interface, with the acknowledgement stored beside the decision.

Data
Released interface

An interface the vendor publishes and supports for third parties: BAPIs and IDocs in SAP, REST resources in Oracle Fusion, the Table API in ServiceNow, web-service operations in Workday.

Data
Acknowledgement

What a system returns after a write: a document number, a resource ID, a status, or an error; stored in the log.

Data
Catalog

The register of every table, column, view and object the platform can read, shared by the Data Fabric, the Backbone and SmartApps.

Running and governing

Running and governing
Instance

One start of a process: its own process ID, workbench, clock and log.

Running and governing
Process ID

The unique identifier of an instance, present in every log line and notification.

Running and governing
Workbench

The running instance as its owner sees it: the screens in their current state, the step, the clock and the log so far.

Running and governing
Board

All instances of an app by step, age, owner and value, with the clocks about to run out first.

Running and governing
Clock

The time limit on a step; when it runs out, the rule for that step decides: escalate, hand to the alternate, return with a note.

Running and governing
Escalation

Passing a case to the parent level or a named user when a clock runs out, with the context attached.

Running and governing
Alternate

A person named in the definition who acts at a level when the primary is absent.

Running and governing
Delegate

A person named by an approver for a stated period; both names are logged on every step taken under the delegation.

Running and governing
Version

A published state of an app; running instances finish on the version they started on; new starts use the newest.

Running and governing
Promotion gate

The approval and checks that move a version from the configuration environment to production; write-back is switched on per object here.

Running and governing
Preview

Running an app end to end as a chosen role on live rows with writes held.

Running and governing
Decision log

The append-only, hash-chained record of every step, value, decision, notification and write-back acknowledgement of every instance, with the app version.

Running and governing
Hash chain

Each log entry carries a hash of the previous one, so any change to an earlier entry is detectable.

Running and governing
Auditor screen

A read-only screen where auditors browse instances, decisions and configuration history with the same filters a process owner uses.

Running and governing
Collaboration rules

The meta data of a collaboration: for each activity, the prior action, the function and level, the next level, the type, the rule, the run-time table, the filter, the screen and the active period.

Running and governing
Run-time data

The traces of each running collaboration instance, referencing the rules that produced them.

Bring a process; leave with an app

The first session builds the first screen on your live rows.