Agentic AI Compare

SAP and Lima Juno, question by question.

SAP and Lima Juno — Agentic AI both bring agents to supply chain work, and each of them starts from a different place.

SAPLima JunoData sits in SAPappsJoule Studiobuilds the agentAsk Joule inplain wordsAssistantorchestrates theagentsAgent executesinside SAPRegister datawhere it livesMap to thesupply chainontologyAsk in plainlanguageAct at the levelyou setLearn and auditevery decisionthe upper lane follows SAP’s own public material · checked 19 September 2026
How each one works, left to right. The upper lane follows SAP’s own public material; the lower lane is Juno. Checked 19 September 2026.
9
questions asked of both products on this page
method
9
dated public sources behind the SAP column
catalogue
19 Sep 2026
the day every source on this page was checked
method
A0–A4
the autonomy levels you set for each Juno agent
product
In their own terms

What SAP describes today

Drawn from the numbered sources at the foot of this page.

SAP sells Joule agents and assistants across its applications, grounded in a pre-populated SAP Knowledge Graph and a Business Data Cloud that shares data with outside warehouses. Joule Studio lets a customer shape further agents through low-code tools, MCP and Signavio process discovery, and premium use draws on consumption-based AI Units. SAP's position in the 2026 quadrant for Supply Chain Planning Solutions stays unconfirmed in the sources checked [3][2].

ProductJoule agents, SAP IBP and Business Data Cloud
GroupSupply chain planning and execution suites
Public sources used9, each checked on 19 September 2026
The nine questions

The same nine questions, answered twice

Numbers in brackets point to the numbered sources at the foot of the page. The line under each question says what a complete answer contains.

1 · Where must the data live for questions and agents to work?

A complete answer names the systems the data has to be copied into, and the systems that are read where they stand.

SAPJoule's conversational analytics reads SAP Analytics Cloud models, Datasphere and HANA Cloud inside SAP's Business Data Cloud, a cloud-only layer; the wider set of Joule agents for supply chain instead work directly inside SAP applications such as S/4HANA, wherever a customer's SAP estate already runs [1][2].
Lima JunoYour rows stay where they are. Juno registers tables from the planning suite, the ERP and the other systems through the Lima data fabric and reads them in place, joining them in one answer.

2 · How far does it reach into SAP, Oracle and planning systems?

A complete answer names the interface used for each system and says which of them are live today.

SAPSAP's own applications hold the primary ground for Joule agents, and Business Data Cloud shares data with Databricks, Snowflake, BigQuery and Microsoft Fabric on a zero-copy basis; MCP and A2A let outside agents call Joule agents, with two-way A2A targeted for the fourth quarter of 2026 [3][4].
Lima JunoMore than 40 connectors cover SAP ECC and S/4HANA, Oracle Fusion and E-Business Suite, planning suites, warehouse systems, lakes, databases, files and REST services. One question can join several of them, and the one agent in production, the PO cancellation agent, runs on federated ERP data the same way.

3 · How is the shared meaning, the semantic model or ontology, built, and by whom?

A complete answer says what arrives ready, what your team builds, and how long that modelling work takes.

SAPA SAP Knowledge Graph comes pre-populated with SAP's own metadata and business objects, grounding Joule's answers; for conversational analytics, a customer's data team maintains the SAC and Datasphere models Just Ask draws on, and administrators choose what each model exposes. Customer extension of the knowledge graph itself stays undocumented on the pages reviewed [1][5].
Lima JunoLima’s supply chain ontology arrives filled in: materials, plants, suppliers, orders and stock. Juno proposes a mapping for each registered column with a confidence and a reason; your team confirms, adjusts and extends it.

4 · How do business users ask questions, and is the working shown?

A complete answer shows the question, the query that ran, the sources read and the access rules applied.

SAPPeople ask Joule a question in plain language, and the Just Ask service behind SAC matches it to a relevant model before a language model writes the underlying query; whether that generated query is shown to the person asking stays undocumented on the pages reviewed [1][5].
Lima JunoPeople ask ChatLima in plain language. Each answer shows its working: the ontology terms used, the systems read, the seconds taken and the query itself, under the asking person’s row and column access.

5 · How are agents and rules defined, and by whom?

A complete answer says who writes a rule, in which language, and how it is reviewed before it runs.

SAPSAP builds and ships the six Joule Assistants and more than sixty supply-chain agents itself, with Joule Studio giving customers a low-code and pro-code path, MCP-based tools and Signavio process discovery to shape their own agents and connect existing ones [3][6].
Lima JunoA planner writes the policy in plain language; the Planner Agent turns it into a reviewable planning table, simulated on past data, and the Lima Rules Engine executes the published version the same way every time. That is how the one agent in production, the PO cancellation agent, runs; Lima’s agent blueprint designs 960 further roles, yet to be built.

6 · How is autonomy set, and how do approvals work?

A complete answer gives the levels available, who approves what at each one, and how a level is raised and lowered.

SAPSAP's own framing is that people set the goal, assistants orchestrate the work, and agents execute it inside governed processes; a graded, numbered autonomy setting comparable to Lima's A0 to A4 scale stays undocumented on the pages reviewed [3][7].
Lima JunoEach agent carries a level you set, A0 to A4. At A2 a named person approves every action; at A3 the agent acts inside value, budget and confidence limits and sends exceptions to people. The level is one of eight settings on an agent, each set by a named person.

7 · How do actions reach the ERP, and is each write confirmed?

A complete answer names the interface for each ERP and says where the acknowledgement of a write is kept.

SAPSupply-chain Joule agents are described as able to detect risks, reroute orders and adjust procurement plans inside SAP's own applications, so an action reaches the same system that holds the transaction; a stated acknowledgement step for each write stays undocumented on the pages reviewed [3][8].
Lima JunoWrite-back into SAP uses released APIs and BAPIs, and into Oracle uses REST resources and interface tables, from one rule store. It starts per application after a confirmed test write, and every write keeps the acknowledgement.

8 · How does it learn from people’s decisions, and what is audited?

A complete answer says what is recorded for each decision and how that record shapes the next recommendation.

SAPSAP's AI Agent Hub, phased through the third quarter of 2026, adds a registry of agents, language models and MCP servers with evaluation workflows and observability; a documented record tying one person's individual accepted or overridden recommendation to a later outcome stays undocumented on the pages reviewed [6][3].
Lima JunoEvery accept, edit and override is stored with the rule version, the facts at that moment and the outcome, so the next recommendation improves. The audit trail holds signal, reasoning, limits, approval, action and acknowledgement for each run; in production, 100% of the cancellation agent’s actions trace to a rule.

9 · What is the pricing unit, is there a trial, and where do analysts place it?

A complete answer names the unit of charge, the route to try it, and the analyst reports that cover the category.

SAPPremium Joule use draws on SAP AI Units, a consumption credit that expires after twelve months, while Joule Base and Joule Studio 2.0 come included in a cloud subscription through the end of 2026; a public price list stays unstated. SAP's position in the 2026 quadrant for Supply Chain Planning Solutions stays unconfirmed in the sources checked [9][3].
Lima JunoJuno is licensed with the Lima platform and priced per engagement. The token manager budgets and meters every model call, per agent and per team. Twenty use cases are worked through on this site, one page each, and the analyst guide sets out the markets these products sit in.
Fit

When to choose SAP

Situations in which SAP’s own product is the better first move.

You already run their productSAP customers running S/4HANA or SAP's planning suite, ready to add Joule agents directly inside applications they already operate.
Their model is the right targetOrganisations that want a knowledge graph pre-populated for SAP's own metadata and business objects, grounding every Joule answer.
The commercial shape suits youBuyers comfortable with SAP AI Units as a consumption-based price, ahead of a fixed published price list.
Beside them

What Juno adds

Many clients keep SAP and add Juno beside it; these are the things it brings.

Each card links to the capability page that shows the mechanism.

Questions
Can we run both products?

Yes, and many estates do. Juno registers SAP’s data beside the ERP and the planning system, answers questions across all of them and runs agents at the level you set for each one.

Where do the SAP answers come from?

From SAP’s own public pages, press releases and documentation, listed at the foot of this page with their publication dates. Where the public material leaves a point open, the answer says so.

How current is this page?

Every source was checked on 19 September 2026. Each vendor releases new agent features often, so treat a page older than a quarter as a starting point for the briefing.

Sources

Every claim, with its publisher and date

The SAP column rests on public material only.

  1. SAP, reference architecture: SAP Analytics Cloud Just Ask, 12 May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://architecture.learning.sap.com/docs/ref-arch/9efadc
  2. SAP News, the future enterprise is autonomous, 12 May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://news.sap.com/2026/05/future-enterprise-autonomous/
  3. SAP News, a more autonomous supply chain, 14 May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://news.sap.com/2026/05/more-autonomous-supply-chain/
  4. SAP News, Business Data Cloud accelerates the autonomous enterprise, 13 May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://news.sap.com/2026/05/sap-bdc-accelerate-autonomous-enterprise/
  5. SAP, Knowledge Graph product page, undated, checked 19 September 2026 · https://www.sap.com/products/artificial-intelligence/knowledge-graph.html
  6. SAPinsider, SAP Sapphire 2026: the autonomous enterprise and AI agents, 12 May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://sapinsider.org/blogs/sap-sapphire-2026-autonomous-enterprise-ai-agents/
  7. SAPinsider, Joule is now the front door to your business: what SAP Sapphire 2026 means for customers, vendors and partners, May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://sapinsider.org/articles/joule-is-now-the-front-door-to-your-business-what-sap-sapphire-2026-means-for-customers-vendors-and-partners/
  8. SAP, innovation news guide, Sapphire 2026, May 2026, checked 19 September 2026 · https://www.sap.com/topics/events/sapphire/innovation-news-guide-2026
  9. SAP, artificial intelligence pricing page, undated, checked 19 September 2026 · https://www.sap.com/products/artificial-intelligence/pricing.html

Each number in the SAP answers above points to the matching entry in this list. Every entry was checked on 19 September 2026.

See the same nine answers on your own estate

Bring two systems and one decision your planners make every week. In the first week we register the data, confirm the mapping with your team, answer your questions in ChatLima and run the first agent at the level you choose.